Arterial stiffness in different age and cardiovascular risk groups of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Soufla, A; Papazoglou, N; Sfikakis, PP; Tektonidou, MG

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keaf458

Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome

Arterial stiffness in different age and cardiovascular risk groups of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Rheumatology (Oxford)Published 29 Aug 2025Cross-sectional study

Main finding · Arterial stiffness, SLE vs HCsResultΒ (AIx@75) 3.458

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Authors' conclusion

Increased ArS in SLE and associations with subclinical atherosclerosis highlights its importance in cardiovascular risk stratification, particularly in young low/moderate-risk adults.

Study context

Population: SLE patients and age/sex/MAP-matched healthy controls (HCs); Arterial stiffness (ArS) by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and AIx@75, plaque by carotid/femoral US
Participants: 194 vs 194

Exposure: SLE vs age/sex/MAP-matched HCs
SLEn = 194
HCsn = 194reference
Outcome: Arterial stiffness (cfPWV and AIx@75)

Methodological detailsage/sex/MAP-matched healthy controls, linear regression models

age/sex/MAP-matched healthy controls
Linear regression models

Main finding

Arterial stiffness, SLE vs HCs

Β (AIx@75)

3.458

P = 0.014

As reported in the abstract

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

Outcome	P value
ArS in patients aged 18-37 (subgroup)SLE vs HCs	P = 0.028
ArS in patients aged 18-37 (subgroup)SLE vs HCs	P < 0.001
AIx@75 in low-moderate risk patients (subgroup)SLE vs HCs	P = 0.029
AIx@75 in low-moderate risk patients (subgroup)SLE vs HCs	P = 0.009

Independent association of ArS with atherosclerotic plaques

cfPWV, P = 0.042
AIx@75, P = 0.0141

ArS predictors in SLE

cfPWV and AIx@75 with age, P < 0.001 for both
cfPWV and AIx@75 with MAP, P < 0.001 for both
Sum of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs): cfPWV P = 0.013, AIx@75 P = 0.006
cfPWV with Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), P < 0.001

Original publication

Arterial stiffness in different age and cardiovascular risk groups of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 29 August 2025. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keaf458

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