Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Risk of mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Survival rates of SLE patients was still low in Indonesia.
Study context
- Population
- All SLE patients in the Hasan Sadikin Lupus Registry (HSLR), Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, September 2001 to December 2020125 deceased
- Participants
- 1,263 patients
- Outcome
- Survival rates since diagnosis and risk factors of mortality
Methodological detailsregistry-based (HSLR), single-centre, Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival
- Registry-based (HSLR)
- Single-centre
- Cox regression
- Kaplan-Meier survival
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Survival rate since diagnosis (Kaplan-Meier)
1-year survival
95.6%
5-year survival
89.7%
10-year survival
82.1%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Risk factors of mortality (Cox regression)
- Male sex, HR
- 1.89
- Active SLE, HR
- 6.06
- Hemolytic anemia throughout the disease, HR
- 1.62
- Serositis throughout the disease, HR
- 1.74
- Methylprednisolone pulse use (due to high disease activity), HR
- 1.75
- AZA use (protective), HR
- 0.61
- MMF/MPA use (protective), HR
- 0.43
- Anti-malaria (CQ/HCQ) use (protective), HR
- 0.5
Cause of death
- Infection (most common cause of death)
- 40.8%
Original publication
Risk of mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study. Lupus. Published 6 August 2025. doi:10.
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