Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Prevalence and incidence of interstitial lung diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus: systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors' conclusion
ILDs appear to be a prevalent manifestation in SLE with a pooled prevalence estimate of 11.0%, although this estimate should be interpreted with caution due to substantial heterogeneity across studies.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- Participants
- 155,964 adults98 studies
- Comparison
- Clinical observational vs register-based studies
- Outcome
- Prevalence and incidence of ILDs in SLE
Methodological detailsrisk of bias assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool, two independent blinded reviewers
- Risk of bias assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool
- Two independent blinded reviewers
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Pooled weighted SLE-ILD prevalence
- Pooled weighted prevalence
- 11.0% (95% CI 9.0% to 13.0%)
- Heterogeneity I²
- 99.9%
- Prevalence when ILD identified with chest high-resolution CT (HRCT)
- 18%
- Incidence per 1000 person-years (95% CI −0.5 to 10.3), 3 registry-based studies
- 4.9
- Incidence heterogeneity I²
- 99.8%
Further pooled results
| Outcome | Clinical observational studies | Register-based studies |
|---|---|---|
| SLE-ILD prevalence by study type | 25.0% (95% CI 19.0%–31.0%) | 7.0% (95% CI 5.0%–8.0%) |
Original publication
Prevalence and incidence of interstitial lung diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus: systematic review and meta-analyses. Lupus Sci Med. Published 20 August 2026. doi:10.
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