Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Higher PM2.5 exposure increases the risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective cohort study in Taiwan
Main finding · Incident SLE per 5 μg/m³ increase in PM2.5Result — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 3.35 95% CI 2.94–3.82Authors' conclusion
PM2.5 exposure emerged as a risk factor for incident SLE.
Study context
- Population
- Taiwanese adults from the Taiwan MJ cohort (2005–2017)
- Participants
- 268,254 adults2,628,889 person-years
- Exposure
- Higher vs lower PM2.5 exposure
- Outcome
- Incident SLE
Methodological detailslongitudinal, time-dependent Cox regression, death as competing risk, Follow-up 9.8 years, Residential address-specific annual PM2.5 from Taiwan Air Quality-Monitoring sites
- Longitudinal
- Time-dependent Cox regression
- Death as competing risk
- Follow-up 9.8 years
- Residential address-specific annual PM2.5 from Taiwan Air Quality-Monitoring sites
Main finding
Incident SLE per 5 μg/m³ increase in PM2.5
Adjusted hazard ratio
3.35
95% CI 2.94–3.82
PM2.5 per 5 μg/m³ increase
aHR 3.35 (95% CI 2.94–3.82)
Per 5 μg/m³ increase, as printed
As reported in the abstract
- Incident SLE cases
- 151 (0.1%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Linear relation of PM2.5 exposure with incident SLE, subgroups by age and sex
- Significant positive linear relation in all subgroups
- P < 0.001
Original publication
Higher PM2.5 exposure increases the risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective cohort study in Taiwan. Lupus Sci Med. Published 20 July 2025. doi:10.
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