Expansion of exhausted CD8+ T cells associates with increased pulmonary fungal infection risk in anti-melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 dermatomyositis
Authors' conclusion
CD8 T cells from patients with anti-MDA5+ DM show significant exhausted phenotype, and increased exhausted CD8 T cells were associated with high risk of pulmonary fungal infection.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) (anti-MDA5+ dermatomyositis (DM), anti-MDA5- DM, anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS)) and healthy controls71 IIM patients · 29 healthy controls (HCs)
- Participants
- 42 / 18 / 11 / 29
- Exposure
- Anti-MDA5+ DM vs anti-MDA5- IIM vs healthy controls
- Anti-MDA5+ DMn = 42
- Anti-MDA5- DMn = 18
- ASSn = 11
- HCsn = 29reference
- Outcome
- Abundance and clinical relevance of exhaustion markers (PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3) on peripheral CD8 T cells
Methodological detailsflow cytometry
- Flow cytometry
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Exhaustion markers (LAG-3, TIM-3, PD-1) on CD8 T cells
- Anti-MDA5+ DM vs Anti-MDA5- IIM or HCs: adjusted p all < 0.05
- Anti-MDA5+ DM vs HCs: p all < 0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Pulmonary fungal infection: high vs lower level of PD-1+TIM-3+LAG-3+ CD8+ T cells (anti-MDA5+ DM)
- Patients with high level of PD-1+TIM-3+LAG-3+ CD8+ T cells had a significantly higher incidence of pulmonary fungal infections but lower counts of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
Prediction of pulmonary fungal infections by frequency of PD-1+TIM-3+LAG-3+CD8+ T cells (ROC analysis)
- AUC
- 0.828
Original publication
Expansion of exhausted CD8+ T cells associates with increased pulmonary fungal infection risk in anti-melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 dermatomyositis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. Published 11 April 2023. doi:10.
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