Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Depression and anxiety in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case-control study on prevalence and associated factors in a single-center cohort
Authors' conclusion
Depression and anxiety are most likely underdiagnosed in SLE. Prevalence appears to be similar to that of other chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Anxiety is associated with fibromyalgia, while depression is also associated with single marital status, smoking, organ damage, and severity of SLE.
Study context
- Population
- Unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (ACR-97 criteria) and controls with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, single-centre cohort
- Participants
- 172 vs 215
- Exposure
- SLE vs controls with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases
- SLEn = 172
- Controlsn = 215reference
- Outcome
- Prevalence of self-perceived depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS))
Methodological detailscase-control, single-centre, multivariate analysis
- Case-control
- Single-centre
- Multivariate analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Depression and anxiety by HADS diagnostic criteria
Depression
Anxiety
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Factors associated with current depression in SLE (multivariate model)
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Single marital status | 2.69 (1.17–6.42) | P = 0.022 | |
| FM | 7.69 (2.35–30.72) | P = 0.001 | |
| Smoking | 3.12 (1.24–8.07) | P = 0.016 | |
| Severity of SLE | 0.76 (0.6–0.94) | P = 0.016 | |
| Organ damage | 1.27 (1.01–1.61) | P = 0.042 | |
| 0.050.21520Odds ratio (log scale) |
Factors associated with current anxiety in SLE (multivariate model)
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| FMOnly associated factor | 3.97 (1.21–17.98) | P = 0.036 | |
| 0.050.21520Odds ratio (log scale) |
SLE characteristics and treatment
- Women among SLE
- 93%
- FM in SLE
- 12.8%
- History of depression in SLE
- 17%
- Up to a third of patients with self-perceived depression not receiving antidepressants
- No concordance between previous history of depression and current depression
Original publication
Depression and anxiety in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case-control study on prevalence and associated factors in a single-center cohort. Lupus. Published 29 April 2023. doi:10.
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