Risk of second primary cancer and death in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors' conclusion
These findings provide new insight into the burden of subsequent cancers among IIM cancer survivors
Study context
- Population
- Patients diagnosed with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) at ≥18 years of age, Sweden, 1998–2024, with a cancer diagnosis at or after IIM diagnosis326 with post-IIM cancer
- Participants
- 2,346 patients
- Exposure
- Dermatomyositis vs non-dermatomyositis subtypes
- Outcome
- Second primary cancer and death after a first post-IIM cancer
Methodological detailsnationwide Swedish healthcare and population registers, flexible parametric multistate model, multivariable models
- Nationwide Swedish healthcare and population registers
- Flexible parametric multistate model
- Multivariable models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cumulative incidence of second primary cancer over entire follow-up · up to 19 years
Cumulative incidence of second primary cancer
22%
95% CI 14–33%
Patients with a second primary cancer, of 326 with post-IIM cancer
37
Absolute risk within 4 years after first post-IIM cancer
below 5%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Risk factors of second primary cancer
| HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Male | 3.2 (1.6–6.5) | |
| Cancer history | 3.4 (1.5–8.0) | |
| 0.10.31310Hazard ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Mortality after second primary cancer, by subtype | 3.77 (1.46–9.75) | |
| 0.10.31310Hazard ratio (log scale) |
All-cause mortality risk after a second primary cancer · 3 years
- 3-year all-cause mortality risk
- 46% (95% CI 44%-70%)
Original publication
Risk of second primary cancer and death in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Semin Arthritis Rheum. Published 9 May 2026. doi:10.
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