Sjögren's disease & overlap diseases
Phenotypic clusters of long-term damage in Sjögren’s disease: a 15-year multicentre study
Authors' conclusion
In a multicentre Italian SjD cohort, the largest damage burden develops by year 5 and progressively builds up over at least 15 years with different progression pattern among damage domains. Disease activity at diagnosis and lymphadenopathy significantly predict damage. Five clusters with distinct damage patterns were identified
Study context
- Population
- Sjögren's disease (SjD) patients with at least 15 years of regular follow-up, multicentre Italian cohort
- Participants
- 102 patients
- Outcome
- Phenotypic damage pattern (SSDDI and its domains) at 15 years and baseline predictors of long-term damage
- Follow-up
- 15 years
Methodological detailsmulticentre, hierarchical clustering analysis
- Multicentre
- Hierarchical clustering analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Predictors of damage at 15 years
- ESSDAI at baseline predicted damage at 15 years, independently from age at diagnosis and comorbidities: β = 0.218, CI: 0.103-0.336
- P = 0.001
- Lymphadenopathy (ESSDAI domain) independently predicted damage at 15 years: β = 2.004, CI: 0.565-3.411
- P = 0.011
- Hierarchical clustering identified five clusters with distinct damage patterns
- 5
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Change in damage and disease activity over time
- Damage significantly increased from 5 to 10 and 15 years
- P < 0.001
- ESSDAI score significantly reduced from baseline to 5, 10 and 15 years
- P < 0.001
Original publication
Phenotypic clusters of long-term damage in Sjögren’s disease: a 15-year multicentre study. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 12 August 2025. doi:10.
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