Sjögren's disease & overlap diseases
Oral microbiome dysbiosis in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors' conclusion
pSS patients demonstrate reduced oral microbiome diversity compared with HCs.
Study context
- Population
- Studies analysing the oral microbiota of pSS patients; nine databases searched up to 1 October 2024
- Participants
- 1,094 participants21 studies
- Comparison
- pSS vs healthy control (HC)
- Outcome
- Oral microbiome α diversity
Methodological detailsrandom-effects meta-analysis, funnel chart for publication bias, Moderate risk of bias in some included studies, substantial heterogeneity, and few studies for certain subgroup analyses
- Random-effects meta-analysis
- Funnel chart for publication bias
- Moderate risk of bias in some included studies, substantial heterogeneity, and few studies for certain subgroup analyses
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs HCSMD (Chao1) (95% CI)P value
pSS
−0.79(−1.381 to −0.21)
P < 0.001- pSS
- SMD (Shannon index) −0.16 (95% CI −0.53 to −0.21); P = 0.400
- pSS
- SMD (Simpson index) −0.14 (95% CI −0.79 to −1.06); P = 0.770
Further pooled results
β diversity
- Clear difference between pSS and HC (10 studies)
Taxa relative abundance
- Firmicutes (mainly Streptococcus spp., Velon spp.) significantly enriched in pSS
- Proteobacteria (Haemophilus), Actinomycetes and Spiromycetes decreased in pSS
Original publication
Oral microbiome dysbiosis in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 8 April 2026. doi:10.
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