Maternal Serum Folic Acid Levels and Onset of Kawasaki Disease in Offspring During Infancy
Main finding · Kawasaki disease by maternal serum folic acid levelResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 0.68 95% CI 0.50–0.92Authors' conclusion
In this cohort study, higher serum folic acid levels (≥10 ng/mL) and maternal folic acid supplementation more than once a week during the second and third trimesters were associated with reduced risk of Kawasaki disease in offspring during infancy.
Study context
- Population
- Children of the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort enrolling since 2011, followed up for 12 months336 developed Kawasaki disease
- Participants
- 87,702 children
- Exposure
- Maternal serum folic acid ≥10 vs <10 ng/mL; maternal folic acid supplementation (≥once a week) vs none
- Folic acid ≥10 ng/mLn = 20,698
- Folic acid <10 ng/mLn = 64,468reference
- Outcome
- Onset of Kawasaki disease in offspring up to age 12 months
- Follow-up
- 12 months
Methodological detailsnationwide birth cohort, propensity score-adjusted logistic regression
- Nationwide birth cohort
- Propensity score-adjusted logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Kawasaki disease by maternal serum folic acid level
Odds ratio
0.68
95% CI 0.50–0.92
Events by group
Folic acid ≥10 ng/mLvs Folic acid <10 ng/mL
OR 0.68 (95% CI 0.50–0.92)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Supplementation | No supplementation | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kawasaki disease by folic acid supplementation during the first trimester · 12 months | 0.34% | 0.42% | 0.83 (0.66–1.04) | |
| Kawasaki disease by folic acid supplementation during the second and third trimesters · 12 months | 0.30% | 0.43% | 0.73 (0.57–0.94) | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Maternal Serum Folic Acid Levels and Onset of Kawasaki Disease in Offspring During Infancy. JAMA Netw Open. Published 1 December 2023. doi:10.
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