Investigating the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, and autoimmune diseases in a pediatric population: a comprehensive analysis
Authors' conclusion
Our findings suggest that the overall incidence of new-onset autoimmune diseases in children remained relatively stable during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Study context
- Population
- Children, anonymized medical records from Maccabi Healthcare Services, Israel, 2014–20224,596 (0.9%) diagnosed with an autoimmune diseases (AID)
- Participants
- 493,705 anonymized medical records
- Exposure
- Pre-pandemic phases (A, B) vs pandemic phase (C); COVID-19 diagnosis and COVID-19 vaccination
- Outcome
- Incidence of AID
Methodological detailsanonymized medical records, logistic regression
- Anonymized medical records
- Logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
AID incidence
P = 0.13
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Celiac disease incidenceReduced incidence in Group A | OR 0.8309 | P = 0.0071 |
| AID risk with COVID-19 diagnosis | HR 1.092 | P = 0.491 |
| AID risk with at least one COVID vaccine | HR 1.2323 | P = 0.0033 |
Arthritis incidence
- Arthritis significantly more common in Groups A and B
Original publication
Investigating the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, and autoimmune diseases in a pediatric population: a comprehensive analysis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. Published 14 May 2025. doi:10.
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