Vasculitis & polymyalgia rheumatica
Identification of clinical phenotypes in Behçet's syndrome using latent class analysis: a step toward precision medicine
Authors' conclusion
Five latent classes were identified, with distinct clinical profiles, significant sex disparities, and varying therapeutic needs.
Study context
- Population
- All adult behçet's syndrome (BS) patients followed in a single department, 2012–2022409 males · 144 females
- Participants
- 553 patients
- Exposure
- C1 vs C2 vs C3 vs C4 vs C5
- C1n = 215
- C2n = 171
- C3n = 40
- C4n = 98
- C5n = 29
- Outcome
- BS clinical phenotypes defined by latent class analysis (LCA)
Methodological detailsobservational, single-centre, latent class analysis
- Observational
- Single-centre
- Latent class analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Latent classes (phenotypes) identified
| Group | Value | Cardiac involvement (highest) | Uveitis | Concomitant uveitis | Oral and genital ulcers | Papulopustular lesions (highest) | Articular involvement (highest) | Vascular lesions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C1 | 39% | 12% | ||||||
| C2 | 31% | 100% | ||||||
| C3 | 7% | 40% | ||||||
| C4 | 18% | 100% | 54% | 48% | ||||
| C5 | 5% | 60% | 48% |
Value
C139%
C231%
C37%
C418%
C55%
Cardiac involvement (highest)
C112%
C2— not stated in the abstract
C3— not stated in the abstract
C4— not stated in the abstract
C5— not stated in the abstract
Uveitis
C1— not stated in the abstract
C2100%
C3— not stated in the abstract
C4— not stated in the abstract
C560%
Concomitant uveitis
C1— not stated in the abstract
C2— not stated in the abstract
C340%
C4— not stated in the abstract
C5— not stated in the abstract
Oral and genital ulcers
C1— not stated in the abstract
C2— not stated in the abstract
C3— not stated in the abstract
C4100%
C5— not stated in the abstract
Papulopustular lesions (highest)
C1— not stated in the abstract
C2— not stated in the abstract
C3— not stated in the abstract
C454%
C5— not stated in the abstract
Articular involvement (highest)
C1— not stated in the abstract
C2— not stated in the abstract
C3— not stated in the abstract
C448%
C5— not stated in the abstract
Vascular lesions
C1— not stated in the abstract
C2— not stated in the abstract
C3— not stated in the abstract
C4— not stated in the abstract
C548%
- Five latent classes (C1-C5) with distinct phenotypes
- 5
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Sex distribution across classes
- Significant male predominance in all major organ classes (C1, C2, C3, C5); near-equal sex distribution in skin-mucosa and articular class
- P < 0.001
Treatment patterns across classes
- Higher GC doses and conventional immunosuppressant use in major organ classes; biologics mostly in C2 and C5
- P < 0.001
Original publication
Identification of clinical phenotypes in Behçet's syndrome using latent class analysis: a step toward precision medicine. Clin Exp Rheumatol. Published 23 October 2025. doi:10.
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