Spondyloarthritis & psoriatic arthritis
Healthy human enthesis stromal cells mediate immunoregulation via the CD39/CD73 adenosine ectonucleotidase pathway
Authors' conclusion
The normal spinal enthesis harbours an immunoregulatory cellular environment related to entheseal MSCs that utilises the CD39/CD73 adenosine ectonucleotidase axis that may help maintain local immune homeostasis, while the same adenosine ectonucleotidase immunoregulatory pathway is likely dependent on Treg function in the intestine.
Study context
- Population
- Healthy human entheseal tissue (normal spinal enthesis), compared with intestinal tissue datasets
- Participants
- 27,348 entheseal cells
- Comparison
- Enthesis vs Ileum vs Colon
- Outcome
- Treg frequency among T cells
Methodological detailssingle-cell RNA sequencing, comparative transcriptomic analysis with intestinal tissue datasets, coculture with activated T cells, pharmacological inhibition
- Single-cell RNA sequencing
- Comparative transcriptomic analysis with intestinal tissue datasets
- Coculture with activated T cells
- Pharmacological inhibition
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Entheseal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) suppressed T cell proliferation in an adenosine-dependent manner (up to)
- 89%, P < .0001
- Dual CD39/CD73 inhibition restored T cell proliferation by
- ∼48% (P = .0004)
Original publication
Healthy human enthesis stromal cells mediate immunoregulation via the CD39/CD73 adenosine ectonucleotidase pathway. Ann Rheum Dis. Published 6 October 2025. doi:10.
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