Cytokines in saliva, serum, and temporomandibular joint synovial fluid in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: An explorative cross-sectional study
Authors' conclusion
In this exploratory study, several proinflammatory cytokines were found in higher concentrations in saliva in JIA-TMJ compared to saliva from the controls. No differences were seen in serum between the groups.
Study context
- Population
- Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis and non-JIA controls, three centres in Norway
- Participants
- 15 vs 34
- Exposure
- Children with JIA and TMJ arthritis vs non-JIA controls
- JIA-TMJn = 15
- Controlsn = 34reference
- Outcome
- Cytokine concentrations in saliva, serum and TMJ synovial fluid
Methodological detailsexploratory, multicentre (three centres in Norway), consecutive recruitment
- Exploratory
- Multicentre (three centres in Norway)
- Consecutive recruitment
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cytokine concentrations in saliva
- Significantly higher salivary IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, Eotaxin, FGF basic, GM CSF, PDGF bb, TNF and RANTES in JIA-TMJ vs controls
- Significantly lower salivary IP-10 in JIA-TMJ vs controls
- Saliva samples: JIA-TMJ n = 13, controls n = 28
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Cytokine concentrations in serum
- No significant differences between JIA-TMJ and controls
- Serum samples: JIA-TMJ n = 11, controls n = 16
Cytokines in TMJ synovial fluid
- Level of detected cytokines higher in JIA-TMJ compared to controls, as described in a previous Nordic study
- Three TMJ synovial samples fulfilled strict sampling criteria and were analysed
Original publication
Cytokines in saliva, serum, and temporomandibular joint synovial fluid in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: An explorative cross-sectional study. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. Published 17 June 2025. doi:10.
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