Clinical phenotypes and prognosis of cytomegalovirus infection in the pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal analysis
Authors' conclusion
CMV infection is highly prevalent among pSLE patients. Positive anti-dsDNA antibody, hypocomplementemia, high SLEDAI-2K score and musculoskeletal involvement were significant clinical clues indicating CMV infections in pSLE. CMV infection is correlated with higher disease activity and poorer outcome.
Study context
- Population
- Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (pediatric SLE (pSLE)) patients, 2012 to 2021
- Participants
- 146 participants
- Exposure
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-positive vs CMV-negative pSLE; anti-CMV treatment vs non-treatment
- CMV-positiven = 109
- Outcome
- CMV infection rate and clinical characteristics of CMV infection in pSLE
Methodological detailslongitudinal, univariate analysis and stepwise logistic multiple regression, generalized estimating equations (GEE)
- Longitudinal
- Univariate analysis and stepwise logistic multiple regression
- GEE
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
CMV infection rate
- CMV infection rate in pSLE cohort (109/146)
- 74.7%
- CMV-positive pSLE more likely to present positive anti-dsDNA, hypocomplementemia, high SLEDAI-2K score and musculoskeletal involvement
- P < 0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Disease activity (SLEDAI-2K), GEE modellingAnti-CMV treatment vs Non-treatment · anti-CMV treatment better reduced pSLE activity | P < 0.05 |
Disease flare and outcome (survival analysis)
- CMV-positive pSLE more prone to disease flare and poorer outcomes
Disease activity (SLEDAI-2K), GEE modelling
- CMV pp65 titers positively correlated with SLEDAI-2K
Original publication
Clinical phenotypes and prognosis of cytomegalovirus infection in the pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal analysis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. Published 16 March 2023. doi:10.
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