Serious Infections in Offspring Exposed to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors During Pregnancy: Comparison of Timing During Pregnancy and Placental Transfer Ability
Main finding · Serious infectionsResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.85 95% CI 0.68–1.07Authors' conclusion
Overall, TNFi exposure was not associated with serious infections; exploratory signals by timing and placental transfer were imprecise and require confirmation.
Study context
- Population
- Offspring born to mothers with chronic inflammatory diseases, MarketScan 2011–2021
- Participants
- 56,866 offspring
- Exposure
- In utero tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) exposure vs unexposed offspring
- TNFin = 3,711
- Outcome
- Time to first hospitalization with infection
- Follow-up
- Offspring's first year of life
Methodological detailsMarketScan (2011-2021), multivariable Cox proportional hazards models
- MarketScan (2011-2021)
- Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models
Main finding
Serious infections · first year of life
Hazard ratio
0.85
95% CI 0.68–1.07
Events by group
TNFi exposed
6.5%
3,711 events
TNFi exposedvs Unexposed
HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.68–1.07)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Serious infections by timing: third trimestervs first and/or second trimesters only | 1.70 (0.96–3.01) | |
| Serious infections by placental transfer: high vs only low transfer TNFiHigh placental transfer TNFivs Low placental transfer TNFi onlyOverall; not statistically significant | 1.49 (0.83–2.69) | |
| Serious infections by placental transfer: high vs only low transfer TNFiHigh placental transfer TNFivs Low placental transfer TNFi onlyThird trimester; not statistically significant | 1.30 (0.65–2.61) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Serious Infections in Offspring Exposed to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors During Pregnancy: Comparison of Timing During Pregnancy and Placental Transfer Ability. Arthritis Rheumatol. Published 25 January 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →