Seasonal 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in new childhood-onset SLE: associations with disease activity and peripheral lymphocyte subsets
Authors' conclusion
Serum 25-(OH)D levels are affected by seasonal changes and closely correlated with disease activity in children with SLE. Patients with new childhood-onset SLE manifest abnormal peripheral lymphocyte subsets and insufficient 25-(OH)D.
Study context
- Population
- Children with new childhood-onset SLE and healthy children
- Exposure
- New childhood-onset SLE vs healthy children, across sampling seasons
- SLEn = 285
- Healthy controlsn = 175reference
- Outcome
- Serum 25-(OH)D levels and peripheral lymphocyte subsets, SLE vs healthy controls across seasons
Methodological detailsseasonal subgroups (winter-spring vs summer-autumn by sampling season)
- Seasonal subgroups (winter-spring vs summer-autumn by sampling season)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- SLE: significantly higher proportions of CD8+ T cells
- p<0.05
- SLE: lower total lymphocyte counts, lower % CD4+ T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells, reduced CD4+/CD8+ ratio and decreased serum 25(OH)-D levels
- all p<0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
ng/mL
| Outcome | Winter-spring | Summer-autumn | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum 25-(OH)D by season, within SLESummer-autumn vs Winter-spring · summer-autumn markedly higher | 18.1 | 22.8 | P < 0.001 |
- Serum 25-(OH)D by season, within SLE: printed as "(18.1 vs 22.8 ng/mL; p<0.001)"
25-(OH)D deficiency, within SLE
- Correlated with higher prevalence of LN, higher SLEDAI-2K scores and lower serum calcium
Correlations with serum 25-(OH)D by season
- Serum calcium and albumin: weak positive correlations in both seasonal subgroups
- SLEDAI-2K: moderate negative correlation in winter-spring; only weak negative correlation in summer-autumn
Original publication
Seasonal 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in new childhood-onset SLE: associations with disease activity and peripheral lymphocyte subsets. Lupus Sci Med. Published 1 September 2026. doi:10.
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