Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Longitudinal trends in vaccination uptake and respiratory infection burden in systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Patients with SLE demonstrated substantially higher vaccine exposure than controls but experienced elevated respiratory infection rates and severe outcomes. These findings support efforts to optimize infection prevention strategies in SLE.
Study context
- Population
- Adult patients with SLE (diagnosed 2010–2023) identified through a validated registry in a healthcare organization database, and matched controls
- Participants
- 3,692 vs 382,753
- Exposure
- Patients with SLE compared with controls
- SLEn = 3,692
- CONTROLSn = 382,753
- Outcome
- Influenza vaccination uptake
Methodological detailsmatched 1:100 to controls by birth year, sex and socioeconomic status, multivariable models
- Matched 1:100 to controls by birth year, sex and socioeconomic status
- Multivariable models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
All P < 0.01
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Pneumococcal vaccination uptake · higher among patients with SLE
all P < 0.01
COVID-19 vaccination uptake · higher among patients with SLE
all P < 0.01
Respiratory hospitalization · higher rates in patients with SLE
all P < 0.001
Pneumonia hospitalization · higher rates in patients with SLE
all P < 0.001
ICU admission · higher rates in patients with SLE
all P < 0.001
All-cause mortality · higher rates in patients with SLE
all P < 0.001
Longitudinal trends in vaccination uptake and respiratory hospitalizations
- Vaccination uptake and respiratory hospitalizations remained consistently higher among patients with SLE
Temporal trend in pneumonia hospitalization rates
- Pneumonia hospitalization rates increased over time in controls but remained stable in SLE
- Interaction P = 0.020
Factors associated with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination uptake in SLE
- Older age, more comorbidities, higher socioeconomic status and exposure to glucocorticoids were independently associated with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination uptake rates in SLE
Original publication
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