Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Impact of systemic autoimmune diseases in maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in Spain
Authors' conclusion
Pregnancies affected by autoimmune disease exhibit distinct, disease-specific patterns of hypertensive, maternal and foetal/neonatal risk, with the most consistently elevated risks observed in SLE, APS (especially secondary) and MCTD.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnancy-related hospitalizations in Spain, 2016–20225,727 with autoimmune disease
- Participants
- 1,973,249 hospitalizations
- Exposure
- Pregnancies with systemic autoimmune disease vs pregnancies without
- Outcome
- Disease-specific risks (OR) of PE, PESC, composite maternal and foetal/neonatal morbidity
Methodological detailsnationwide, pregnancy-related hospitalizations (SNHDD, 2016-2022)
- Nationwide
- Pregnancy-related hospitalizations (SNHDD, 2016-2022)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
OR
- SLE · preeclampsia (PE)
- 1.78
- SLE · PESC
- 2.17
- SLE · composite maternal
- 1.35
- SLE · foetal/neonatal
- 1.16
- Primary APS · PE
- 1.50
- Primary APS · PESC
- 1.88
- Primary APS · composite maternal
- 1.66
- Primary APS · foetal/neonatal
- 1.10
- Secondary APS · PE
- 2.61
- Secondary APS · PESC
- 3.47
- Secondary APS · composite maternal
- 1.94
- MCTD · PE
- 4.57
- MCTD · PESC
- 7.24
- SSc · composite maternal
- 1.62
- SSc · foetal/neonatal
- 1.69
- Behçet disease · maternal thrombosis
- 9.31
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Impact of systemic autoimmune diseases in maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in Spain. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 8 July 2026. doi:10.
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