Fibromyalgia & musculoskeletal pain
Global Trends in Risk Factors for Low Back Pain: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study Data From 1990 to 2021
Authors' conclusion
The burden of LBP is increasing globally, with a significant proportion of the YLDs caused by LBP attributed to three modifiable lifestyle factors: occupation/ergonomics, smoking, and high BMI. Of significant concern is the rapidly increasing impact of high BMI on YLDs caused by LBP, with the greatest impact seen among women in low and high SDI areas.
Study context
- Population
- Global, high sociodemographic index (SDI) and low SDI areas, 1990–2021; Low back pain (LBP) burden attributable to occupational/ergonomic, smoking and high BMI risk factors
- Primary endpoint
- Trends in YLDs caused by LBP attributable to occupational/ergonomic, behavioural (smoking) and metabolic (high BMI) risk factors
- Follow-up
- 1990–2021
Methodological detailstrend analysis 1990–2021, global, high SDI and low SDI areas
- Trend analysis 1990–2021
- Global, high SDI and low SDI areas
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
- Years lived with disability (YLDs) caused by LBP increased globally, in high and low SDI areas
- Impact of smoking and occupational/ergonomic risk factors decreased
- Impact of high BMI increased markedly, particularly in high SDI areas and in women
Original publication
Global Trends in Risk Factors for Low Back Pain: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study Data From 1990 to 2021. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). Published 3 April 2025. doi:10.
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