Spondyloarthritis & psoriatic arthritis
Factors associated with rapid spinal radiographic progression in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study with modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) scoring using deep learning model
Authors' conclusion
Using AI-assisted mSASSS scoring, this retrospective cohort study identified older age at assessment as an associated factor and full-dose NSAIDs use as protective factor for rapid spinal radiographic progression.
Study context
- Population
- Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients with ≥2 lateral spine radiographs between 2002 and 2024379 intervals
- Participants
- 242 patients
- Outcome
- Rapid spinal radiographic progression (ΔmSASSS/year >1)
Methodological detailshospital-based, deep learning mSASSS scoring, time-dependent generalized estimating equations (GEE), conditional multivariable analysis
- Hospital-based
- Deep learning mSASSS scoring
- Time-dependent GEE
- Conditional multivariable analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Factors associated with rapid mSASSS progression (multivariable GEE)
Age at baseline mSASSS (especially ≥40 years), aOR
1.03
95% CI 1.003–1.06
Higher cumulative NSAID dosage during intervals, aOR
0.38
95% CI 0.19–0.75
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
mSASSS progression rate, per interval
- Mean mSASSS progression (/year)
- 0.5
- Intervals with progression >1/year
- 26.7%
mSASSS progression rate, per patient
- Mean mSASSS progression (/year)
- 0.6
- Intervals with progression >1/year
- 27.3%
Original publication
Factors associated with rapid spinal radiographic progression in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study with mSASSS scoring using deep learning model. Semin Arthritis Rheum. Published 11 December 2025. doi:10.
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