Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with common immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in the UK: a case–control study
Authors' conclusion
Pneumococcal vaccination is associated with protection against hospitalisation and death due to pneumonia in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, without apparent residual confounding.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with incident common IMIDs diagnosed April 1, 1997–Dec 31, 2019, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Gold, UKthree nested case-control analyses
- Comparison
- Pneumococcal vaccination vs no pneumococcal vaccination
- Outcome
- Hospitalisation due to pneumonia, death due to pneumonia, or primary-care consultation for lower respiratory tract infection requiring antibiotics
Methodological detailsnested case-control, age-matched and sex-matched to up to ten contemporaneous controls, incidence density sampling, multivariable unconditional logistic regression
- Nested case-control
- Age-matched and sex-matched to up to ten contemporaneous controls
- Incidence density sampling
- Multivariable unconditional logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Association of pneumococcal vaccination with each outcome
Hospitalisation due to pneumonia (n 12 360; 1884 cases), aOR
0.70
95% CI 0.60–0.81
Death due to pneumonia (n 5321; 781 cases), aOR
0.60
95% CI 0.48–0.76
Lower respiratory tract infection treated with antibiotics (n 54 530; 10 549 cases), aOR
0.76
95% CI 0.72–0.80
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with common immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in the UK: a case–control study. Lancet Rheumatol. Published 24 July 2024. doi:10.
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