Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) renal biopsies reveals two molecular subtypes of lupus nephritis and identifies APOL1 as candidate biomarker for stratification
Authors' conclusion
DIA-based proteomic profiling of FFPE renal biopsies identifies biologically and clinically relevant LN molecular subtypes and may support tissue-informed classification and risk stratification.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (LN), FFPE renal biopsy specimens, four tertiary hospitals
- Participants
- 292 patients4 tertiary hospitals
- Comparison
- Subtype_2 vs Subtype_1
- Outcome
- Proteomics-based molecular subtypes of LN and candidate biomarkers for subtype discrimination
Methodological detailsmulticentre, DIA-LC-MS/MS proteomics, non-negative matrix factorisation, XGBoost with SHAP, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) logistic regression
- Multicentre
- DIA-LC-MS/MS proteomics
- Non-negative matrix factorisation
- XGBoost with SHAP
- LASSO logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Proteomics-based molecular subtypes
Differential proteins between subtypes
1002
Further findings
Five-protein LASSO panel distinguishing class III/IV from class V LN
- AUC (approximately)
- 0.76
Original publication
DIA proteomics of FFPE renal biopsies reveals two molecular subtypes of lupus nephritis and identifies APOL1 as candidate biomarker for stratification. Lupus Sci Med. Published 21 August 2026. doi:10.
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