Association between Kawasaki disease and subsequent autoimmune disease: National cohort study of adolescents with 12-year follow-up from birth
Main finding · Newly diagnosed autoimmune diseaseResult — go to the resultAbsolute difference 8.9 /10,000 person years 95 % CI 5.3–12.5Authors' conclusion
Korean children with Kawasaki disease had an increased risk of autoimmune disease during a 12-year follow-up period.
Study context
- Population
- All individuals born in South Korea between 2002 and 2005, National Health Insurance Service's (NHIS) database; median age at index date 2.2 years
- Participants
- 16,398 vs 163,980
- Exposure
- Kawasaki disease vs matched children without Kawasaki disease
- Exposedn = 16,398
- Unexposedn = 163,980reference
- Outcome
- First diagnosis of an autoimmune disease (ICD-10 codes)
- Follow-up
- 12-year follow-up
Methodological detailsnational cohort, incidence density sampling, matched (1:10)
- National cohort
- Incidence density sampling
- Matched (1:10)
Main finding
Newly diagnosed autoimmune disease
Absolute difference
8.9 /10,000 person years
95 % CI 5.3–12.5
Events by group
Exposed
59.3 per 10,000 person-years
1139 of 16,398
Unexposed
50.4 per 10,000 person-years
9752 of 163,980
Exposedvs Unexposed
absolute difference 8.9 /10,000 person years (95 % CI 5.3–12.5)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Individual autoimmune diseases associated with Kawasaki disease
- JIA, HR
- 1.27
- Henoch-Schönlein purpura, HR
- 1.21
- Polymyositis/dermatomyositis, HR
- 2.12
- Vitiligo, HR
- 1.17
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, HR
- 2.30
- Acute rheumatic fever and chorea, HR
- 3.35
Original publication
Association between Kawasaki disease and subsequent autoimmune disease: National cohort study of adolescents with 12-year follow-up from birth. Semin Arthritis Rheum. Published 1 February 2025. doi:10.
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