Antibiotic exposure in prenatal and early life and risk of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a nationwide register-based cohort study
Authors' conclusion
The novel observation of no association with prenatal antibiotic exposure and JIA suggests that the association between antibiotics in early life and JIA is unlikely to be confounded by shared family factors.
Study context
- Population
- All children born in Norway 2004–2012, followed until 31 December 20201,011 juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) cases
- Participants
- 535,294 children
- Exposure
- Systemic antibiotic exposure prenatally (mother) and at 0-24 months (child) vs no exposure
- Outcome
- JIA, defined by diagnostic codes
Methodological detailsnationwide, multivariate logistic regression
- Nationwide
- Multivariate logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
JIA
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Antibiotics 0-24 months
1.40(1.24–1.59)
>1 course
1.50(1.29–1.74)
1 course
1.31(1.13–1.53)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
JIA by age period and antibiotic class (subanalyses)
- Significant associations in all age periods except 0-6 months
- Stronger association with sulfonamides/trimethoprim and broad-spectrum antibiotics
Original publication
Antibiotic exposure in prenatal and early life and risk of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a nationwide register-based cohort study. RMD Open. Published 30 August 2023. doi:10.
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