Anti-PAD4 antibodies link autoimmunity to PAD4 with CTL-associated rheumatoid arthritis
Authors' conclusion
These data demonstrate a mechanistic link between autoimmunity to PAD4 and CTL-associated disease in RA.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), T-LGLL/RA, T-LGLL and healthy controls; blood samples and paired clinical data
- Comparison
- T-LGLL/RA vs RA
- Outcome
- Anti-PAD4 antibody frequency
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
P < 0.0001
Further findings
PADI4 SNPs and anti-PAD4-positive RA, among patients with T-LGLL
- PADI4 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with anti-PAD4-positive RA
- 20% vs 3%, P = .02
Anti-PAD4 antibody levels vs absolute neutrophil count, among patients with T-LGLL
- Inverse correlation (Spearman's rho)
- −0.236; P = .02
Activating STAT3 mutations and anti-PAD4 antibodies, T-LGLL/RA
- Activating STAT3 mutations associated with anti-PAD4 antibodies in T-LGLL/RA
- 90% vs 74%, P = .047
Activating STAT3 mutations and anti-PAD4 antibodies, RA
- Activating STAT3 mutations associated with anti-PAD4 antibodies in RA
- 39% vs 9%, P = .002
CTL immunophenotype in anti-PAD4-positive RA
- Anti-PAD4-positive RA enriched for CD57+, CD7 low, TEMRA cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
- PAD4-specific CTLs detected in anti-PAD4+ RA, with elevated CD69, CD57 and KLRG1 and a TEMRA phenotype
Original publication
Anti-PAD4 antibodies link autoimmunity to PAD4 with CTL-associated rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. Published 13 May 2026. doi:10.
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