Two clinical subgroups of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis determined by latent class analysis
Authors' conclusion
Two separate phenotypes of ICI-IA were identified using LCA, the second having a more severe polyarthritis at baseline and involving the upper extremities.
Study context
- Population
- Patients ≥18 years treated with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1 and/or anti-CTLA-4 agents with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-induced inflammatory arthritis diagnosed by a rheumatologist20 variables used
- Participants
- 49 vs 77
- Exposure
- Phenotype 2 vs phenotype 1 of ICI-induced inflammatory arthritis
- Phenotype 2n = 49
- Phenotype 1n = 77reference
- Outcome
- Latent phenotypes of ICI-induced inflammatory arthritis from baseline rheumatology visit phenotypic data (20 variables)
- Follow-up
- Baseline
Methodological detailsBayesian Information Criteria (BIC) used to select number of phenotypes
- BIC used to select number of phenotypes
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Features distinguishing phenotypes
- Two distinct phenotypes indicated by the BIC
- Higher levels of all CDAI components, more stiffness, and more small and upper extremity joint involvement in phenotype 2 (statistically significant)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Steroid requirement during course
- Phenotype 2 marginally more likely to require steroids
Cancer type, stage or ICI treatment
- No significant differences between phenotypes
Baseline VEGF-A levels
- Higher in phenotype 2
Original publication
Two clinical subgroups of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis determined by latent class analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. Published 20 June 2025. doi:10.
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