Vasculitis & polymyalgia rheumatica
Single-cell analysis identifies monocyte signatures of disease activity and clinical subtypes in Behçet’s disease
Authors' conclusion
This study provides a high-resolution immune atlas of BD, identifying monocyte-driven dysregulation as a central feature.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with behçet's disease (BD) and healthy controls; 247,028 peripheral blood mononuclear cells247,028 PBMCs
- Participants
- 34 vs 12
- Comparison
- BD vs healthy controls
- BDn = 34
- Healthy controlsn = 12reference
- Outcome
- Monocyte immune dysregulation in BD
Methodological detailssingle-cell RNA sequencing, phenotype-stratified comparisons
- Single-cell RNA sequencing
- Phenotype-stratified comparisons
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- All 3 monocyte subsets markedly expanded in BD, with dominant interferon (IFN)-γ-associated activation, robust heat-shock responses and enhanced antigen-presentation programmes
- Active disease: monocytes with pronounced type II IFN signatures, reversed in remission alongside restoration of regulatory and metabolic pathways
- Remission: increased expression of type I IFN-regulated genes and activation of serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN)-associated programmes linked to tissue stabilisation
- Vascular BD: enrichment of heat-shock and stress-response pathways in monocytes
- Ocular BD: TNF/NF-κB-associated programmes in monocytes
- Patients without organ involvement: increased type I IFN gene signature
Original publication
Single-cell analysis identifies monocyte signatures of disease activity and clinical subtypes in Behçet’s disease. Ann Rheum Dis. Published 18 July 2026. doi:10.
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