Risk of interstitial lung disease following COVID-19 infection in patients with autoimmune diseases: a retrospective cohort study
Main finding · Newly diagnosed ILDResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 1.23 95% CI 1.10–1.36Authors' conclusion
COVID-19 infection was identified as a risk factor for the development of ILD in patients with autoimmune diseases
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network, 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2022two matched cohorts of 26,763
- Participants
- 174,256 individuals
- Exposure
- COVID-19 infection vs no COVID-19 infection in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases
- COVID-19n = 26,768
- Controln = 147,488reference
- Outcome
- Newly diagnosed ILD
Methodological detailspropensity score matching, Cox proportional hazards regression
- Propensity score matching
- Cox proportional hazards regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
follow-up period
Hazard ratio
1.23
95% CI 1.10–1.36
COVID-19vs Control
HR 1.23 (95% CI 1.10–1.36)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) in subgroups by age, sex and autoimmune disease
- Consistently higher risks in the COVID-19 group than in the control group
Original publication
Risk of interstitial lung disease following COVID-19 infection in patients with autoimmune diseases: a retrospective cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 5 May 2026. doi:10.
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