Risk factors and outcomes for repeat COVID-19 infection among patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A case-control study
Authors' conclusion
Younger age, rituximab, and methotrexate were each associated with repeat COVID-19 infection risk among patients with SARDs.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) and confirmed COVID-19, Mass General Brigham Health Care System, 15/Mar/2020 to 17/Oct/2022from 2203 SARD patients with COVID-19
- Participants
- 76 vs 207
- Comparison
- SARD patients with repeat COVID-19 infection vs matched controls without repeat infection
- Casesn = 76
- Controlsn = 207reference
- Outcome
- Risk factors for repeat COVID-19 infection
Methodological detailsmatched (up to 3:1) by calendar date of first infection and duration between first COVID-19 infection and index dates, conditional logistic regression
- Matched (up to 3:1) by calendar date of first infection and duration between first COVID-19 infection and index dates
- Conditional logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Factors associated with repeat COVID-19 infection (multivariable model)
Estimate (95% CI)
Younger age
OR 0.67 per 10 years(0.54–0.82)
Rituximab usevs non-use
OR 3.38(1.26–9.08)
Methotrexate usevs non-use
OR 2.24(1.08–4.61)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Age at first infection
P < 0.0001
Hypertension at first infection
P = 0.050
Hospitalised for first COVID-19 infection
P = 0.037
Rituximab users at index date
P = 0.0021
Hospitalization and death among those with repeat COVID-19 infection
- Hospitalized among those with repeat COVID-19 infection
- 5/76 (6.6 %)
- Deaths among those with repeat COVID-19 infection
- 0
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Risk factors and outcomes for repeat COVID-19 infection among patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: A case-control study. Semin Arthritis Rheum. Published 29 October 2023. doi:10.
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