Vasculitis & polymyalgia rheumatica
Pneumonia and in-hospital mortality in ANCA-associated vasculitis: a nationwide population-based registry study in Spain
Authors' conclusion
Around 1 in 10 hospitalizations with AAV develop pneumonia, which is associated with higher odds of in-hospital death and greater ICU utilization.
Study context
- Population
- Hospitalized patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), Spanish hospital discharges 2016–2023
- Participants
- 12,378 AAV hospitalizations
- Exposure
- AAV hospitalizations with pneumonia vs without pneumonia
- Pneumonian = 1,280
- Outcome
- Pneumonia incidence, intensive care unit (ICU) utilization, LOS, temporal trends, in-hospital mortality and CFR
Methodological detailsnationwide, population-based registry, multivariable logistic regression
- Nationwide
- Population-based registry
- Multivariable logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Pneumonia incidence
Pneumonia
10.3%
1280
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
ICU admission
P < 0.001
In-hospital mortality
P < 0.001
LOS
P < 0.001
| Outcome | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| In-hospital mortalityIndependent predictor of death (multivariable) | 1.97 (1.63–2.37) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
In-hospital AAV mortality, temporal trend · 2016-2023
- IRR per year (P < 0.001)
- 1.13
Viral pneumonia in AAV, overall trend · 2016-2023
- IRR
- 1.46 (95% CI: 1.38, 1.54; P < 0.001)
- Surged during COVID-19 pandemic (2021-2022), declined by 2023
In-hospital case fatality rate (CFR) with extreme severity of illness (SOI)
- 27.1% vs 18.7% (P < 0.001)
Higher risk of mortality (ROM) and mortality
- Higher ROM strongly associated with mortality risk
Original publication
Pneumonia and in-hospital mortality in ANCA-associated vasculitis: a nationwide population-based registry study in Spain. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 26 May 2026. doi:10.
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