Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Ocular involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: results of an extensive ophthalmological evaluation performed in the APS-Rio cohort
Authors' conclusion
Vasomotor phenomena are importantly related to ocular symptoms in PAPS. Vascular tortuosity was a frequent finding in PAPS patients. Peripheral vascular tortuosity was associated with triple positivity and might be a biomarker of ischemic microvascular retinopathy due to PAPS.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with primary APS in the APS-Rio cohort and healthy controls
- Participants
- 98 vs 102
- Exposure
- Primary APS vs healthy controls
- Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS)n = 98
- Controlsn = 102reference
- Outcome
- Ophthalmological manifestations
Methodological detailshealthy control group, extensive ophthalmological evaluation
- Healthy control group
- Extensive ophthalmological evaluation
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Ocular findings
- Amaurosis fugax (most common symptom in PAPS), PAPS vs controls
- 34.7% vs. 6.9%; p = .001
- PAPS patients with ocular involvement
- 84
- Glaucoma in PAPS
- 1.0%
- Posterior findings in PAPS
- 94.0%
- Anterior findings in PAPS
- 62.7%
- Both posterior and anterior findings in PAPS
- 56.6%
- Vascular tortuosity, PAPS vs controls
- 63.2% vs. 42.2%; p = .002
- Peripheral tortuosity, PAPS vs controls
- 29.6% vs. 7.8%; p < .001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | PAPS | Controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peripheral vascular tortuosity after excluding patients with atherosclerotic risk factors | 35.0 | 7.8% | P < 0.001 |
Factors associated with ocular symptoms in PAPS (multivariate analyses)
- Raynaud's phenomenon and amaurosis fugax
- OR 3.71, CI:1.33-10.32; p = .012
- Livedo and hemianopia
- OR 6.96, CI:1.11-43.72, p = .038
- Livedo and diplopia
- OR 3.49, CI:1.02-11.53, p = .047
Triple positivity in PAPS with vs without peripheral vascular tortuosity
- With vs without peripheral vascular tortuosity
- 34.5% vs. 15.9%, p = .041
Original publication
Ocular involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: results of an extensive ophthalmological evaluation performed in the APS-Rio cohort. Lupus. Published 29 November 2022. doi:10.
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