Mortality and medical utilization in rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease: A real-world, large-scale retrospective study comparing Janus kinase inhibitors and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors
Main finding · All-cause mortalityResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 1.458 95 % CI 1.136–1.870Authors' conclusion
This real-world, large-scale cohort study indicated an association of higher mortality and medical utilizations in RA-ILD patients treated with JAKi compared to TNFi, especially among those over 65 years of age.
Study context
- Population
- Patients diagnosed with RA-ILD who received new prescriptions for Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) or TNFi, TriNetX database812 per group after matching
- Participants
- 23,707 patients
- Exposure
- JAKi vs TNFi in RA-ILD
- JAKin = 812
- TNFin = 812reference
- Outcome
- All-cause mortality
Methodological detailsmatched cohort, propensity score matching, Cox regression, TriNetX database
- Matched cohort
- Propensity score matching
- Cox regression
- TriNetX database
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio
1.458
95 % CI 1.136–1.870
JAKivs TNFi
HR 1.458 (95 % CI 1.136–1.870)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | HR (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization | 1.167 (1.011–1.348) | |
| Critical care services | 1.854 (1.414–2.431) | |
| Mechanical ventilation | 2.609 (1.718–3.962) | |
| All-cause mortality, aged over 65 years (subgroup)Result remained aligned in sensitivity analysis | 1.815 (1.316–2.503) | |
| All-cause mortality, with CV risk factors (subgroup) | 1.636 (1.197–2.237) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Sensitivity analysis
- Results not entirely consistent with the primary analysis, except for the subgroup aged over 65
Original publication
Mortality and medical utilization in rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease: A real-world, large-scale retrospective study comparing Janus kinase inhibitors and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Semin Arthritis Rheum. Published 29 January 2025. doi:10.
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