Lupus & antiphospholipid syndrome
Menopausal hormone therapy and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis: a population-based nested case-control study
Authors' conclusion
These findings indicate an association between MHT and SLE/SSc, independent of socioeconomic factors
Study context
- Population
- Women with SLE or SSc and matched general-population controls, Sweden, 2009–2019 (national registers)943 SLE and 733 SSc cases
- Comparison
- Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) use vs no MHT use
- SLEn = 943
- SScn = 733
- Outcome
- Association between MHT use (any MHT dispensed before diagnosis/matching) and SLE/SSc
Methodological detailscontrols matched 1 up to 10 on sex, birth year and region, conditional logistic regression, adjusted for education, income and sick leave
- Controls matched 1 up to 10 on sex, birth year and region
- Conditional logistic regression
- Adjusted for education, income and sick leave
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Estimate (95% CI)
MHT usevs No MHT use
OR (SLE) 1.3(1.1–1.6)
MHT usevs No MHT use
OR (SSc) 1.4(1.2–1.7)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate | |
|---|---|---|
| Both systemic and local MHT dispensed (highest risk)Systemic + local MHTvs No MHT use | OR (SLE) 1.9 (95% CI 1.4–2.7) | |
| Both systemic and local MHT dispensed (highest risk)Systemic + local MHTvs No MHT use | OR (SSc) 1.8 (95% CI 1.2–2.5) | |
| 0.20.5125Ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Menopausal hormone therapy and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis: a population-based nested case-control study. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 7 January 2025. doi:10.
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