Mechanical stress promotes synovial inflammation and osteoarthritis development via the nuclear factor (NF)-κB p52/IL-6 signalling pathway
Authors' conclusion
Mechanical stress drives TMJOA synovial inflammation via integrin αIIbβ3/NF-κB-mediated IL-6 secretion, linking biomechanical perturbations to cartilage degradation.
Study context
- Population
- TM joint OA (TMJOA) patients and controls; rat model of mechanical stress-induced OA
- Comparison
- TMJOA patients post-mandibular advancement surgery vs patients with TM joint disc displacement
Methodological detailshigh-throughput antibody microarrays, ELISA validation, finite element analysis, unilateral anterior crossbite rat model, RNA sequencing, in vitro primary synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes
- High-throughput antibody microarrays
- ELISA validation
- Finite element analysis
- Unilateral anterior crossbite rat model
- RNA sequencing
- In vitro primary synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Synovial IL-6 and IL-8 significantly elevated in TMJOA post-mandibular advancement surgery vs TM joint disc displacement
- Strong positive correlation of IL-6 with joint pain score and reduced maximum mouth opening (ELISA)
- Finite element analysis (FEA): uneven mechanical stress redistribution in condyle post-surgery; IL-6 correlated with mandibular advancement distance
- Rat model: OA-like cartilage degeneration with elevated synovial IL-6
- Mechanical loading induced IL-6 via integrin αIIbβ3 activation, triggering non-canonical NF-κB signalling
Original publication
Mechanical stress promotes synovial inflammation and osteoarthritis development via the NF-κB p52/IL-6 signalling pathway. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 22 October 2025. doi:10.
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