Humoral and cellular immunity in patients with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
Authors' conclusion
Following two doses, most RAIRD patients have lower antibody levels than the lowest HC and lower anti-spike T cells. RAIRD patients with no/low antibodies have diminished numbers and poor quality of memory T cells that lack proliferative and functional capacities.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRDs) (AAV, other systemic vasculitis, SLE, myositis) after the second SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose
- Participants
- 50 RAIRD patients
- Exposure
- RAIRD patients vs healthy controls after the second SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose
- RAIRDn = 50
- Outcome
- Short-term humoral (anti-spike, anti-nucleocapsid antibody) and cell-mediated T cell response after the second SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
- Follow-up
- After the second dose
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Median anti-spike antibody levels
Undetectable anti-spike levels in RAIRD patients
15
33%
Anti-spike levels lower than the lowest HC in RAIRD patients
26
57%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Immunogenicity by rituximab in the last 12 months vs a longer pre-vaccination periodAssociated with reduced immunogenicity | P = 0.003 |
| B cell percentages, no/low vs high antibodySignificant difference | P = 0.03 |
| Spike-specific CD4+ T cells, no/low vs high antibodySignificant difference | P = 0.02 |
Terminally differentiated (exhausted) T cells
- Higher percentage in the no/low antibody group
Original publication
Humoral and cellular immunity in patients with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published 17 October 2022. doi:10.
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