Comparison of active tuberculosis occurrence associated with Janus kinase inhibitors and biological DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis
An erratum to this article was published (RMD Open, 12 Dec 2024 ↗)
Main finding · Active tuberculosisResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.37 95% CI 0.22–0.62Authors' conclusion
Patients with RA using JAK inhibitors have a significantly lower risk of active tuberculosis than bDMARD users in South Korea; however, patients with RA having LTBI are equally at risk regardless of the treatment received (JAK inhibitor vs bDMARD).
Study context
- Population
- Adults with new-onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prescribed biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors with recent latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening, National Health Insurance Service database, South Korea, 2012–2021, followed to end of 2022matched cohort
- Participants
- 16,760 adults
- Exposure
- JAK inhibitors vs bDMARDs
- JAK inhibitorn = 3,352
- bDMARDn = 13,408reference
- Outcome
- Active tuberculosis
Methodological detailsnationwide, propensity score-matched, Cox proportional hazards regression
- Nationwide
- Propensity score-matched
- Cox proportional hazards regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio
0.37
95% CI 0.22–0.62
JAK inhibitorvs bDMARD
HR 0.37 (95% CI 0.22–0.62)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis in LTBI-treated patients with low treatment adherencevs those without LTBI | 2.78 (1.74–4.44) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Tuberculosis preventive therapy for LTBI received
- Received tuberculosis preventive therapy for LTBI
- 18.8%
Tuberculosis in patients without LTBI (subgroup)
- JAK inhibitor users had a significantly lower risk of tuberculosis across all ages and sexes compared with bDMARD users
Original publication
Comparison of active tuberculosis occurrence associated with Janus kinase inhibitors and biological DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open. Published 12 April 2024. doi:10.
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