Amlexanox inhibits production of type I interferon and suppresses B cell differentiation in vitro : a possible therapeutic option for systemic lupus erythematosus and other systemic inflammatory diseases
Authors' conclusion
Our findings demonstrate inhibitory effects of amlexanox on type I IFN production and B cell differentiation in primary human cells.
Study context
- Population
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and B cells from healthy controls and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren's disease (pSjD) and systemic sclerosis (SSc)
- Comparison
- Amlexanox vs no amlexanox in stimulated PBMCs and B cell cultures
Methodological detailsin vitro
- In vitro
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Amlexanox inhibited type I interferon (IFN) production induced through endosomal and cytosolic routes in PBMCs
- Supernatants from amlexanox-treated cells did not induce expression of BAFF and MX1
- Amlexanox inhibited spontaneous MX1 expression in PBMCs from SLE, pSjD and SSc patients
- TBK1 protein expressed in pSjD salivary glands (immunohistochemistry)
- Amlexanox decreased B cell proliferation and differentiation into CD27highCD38highCD138+/- plasmablasts and plasma cells
- IgM and IgG production suppressed; corroborated in B cells from SLE, pSjD and SSc patients
Original publication
Amlexanox inhibits production of type I interferon and suppresses B cell differentiation in vitro : a possible therapeutic option for systemic lupus erythematosus and other systemic inflammatory diseases. RMD Open. Published 7 May 2025. doi:10.
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