CurrentRheuma — Sjögren's disease & overlap diseases

Variants in the DDX6-CXCR5 autoimmune disease risk locus influence the regulatory network in immune cells and salivary gland

2026-11-05T13:08:22.899Z

Mechanistic study · Ann Rheum Dis, 2025. Shared likely functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the DDX6-CXCR5 locus: Shared SNPs identified as likely functional in primary human immune cells, salivary gland and kidney tissues (rs57494551, rs4936443, rs4938572, rs7117261, rs4938573) 5

Diagnostic utility of a second minor salivary gland biopsy in patients with suspected Sjögren's syndrome: A retrospective cohort study

2026-11-04T23:42:37.367Z

Cohort study · Joint Bone Spine, 2022. Concordance between the results of the 2 biopsies (low), κ 0.34

Prevalence and comorbidities of Sjogren's syndrome patients in the Community of Madrid: A population-based cross-sectional study

2026-11-04T23:42:37.367Z

Cross-sectional study · Joint Bone Spine, 2023. Prevalence of SS among people aged ≥18 years: pSS 5.5/10,000 (95% CI 5.3-5.7) · sSS 2.8/10,000 (95% CI 2.7-2.9)

Complications after minor salivary gland biopsy: a retrospective study of 630 patients from two Swedish centres

2026-11-04T23:40:51.898Z

Cohort study · Scand J Rheumatol, 2022. Long-standing, probably permanent, impaired sensation after MSGB: Reported by 21% of patients; associated with lower age and absence of anti-SSA antibodies

Serum CCL28 as a biomarker for diagnosis and evaluation of Sjögren’s syndrome

2026-11-04T23:40:51.898Z

Cross-sectional study · Scand J Rheumatol, 2022. Serum CCL28 levels: Serum CCL28 significantly lower in both primary and secondary SS than in HCs

Development and testing of an alternative responder definition for EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI)

2026-11-04T22:58:59.711Z

Diagnostic or prognostic study · RMD Open, 2023. ESSPRI responder definition thresholds: ROC estimates supported an MCII threshold in the phase II data 1.5-1.6

Impact of patient ancestry on heterogeneity of Sjögren’s disease

2026-11-04T22:58:59.711Z

Case-control study · RMD Open, 2023. Median cumESSDAI score: AA median 7.5 (IQR 3.2-16.0) · Caucasian median 4.0 (IQR 2.0-9.0)

Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins 1 in salivary glandular tissue: an important histological marker for diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome

2026-11-04T22:58:59.711Z

Diagnostic or prognostic study · RMD Open, 2023. Diagnostic performance for SjS: p-STAT1: AUC 0.990 (95% CI 0.969 to 1.000); Youden (Jorden) index 0.968 (95% CI 0.586 to 0.999)

Interferon and interferon-induced cytokines as markers of impending clinical progression in ANA+ individuals without a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease diagnosis

2026-11-04T22:57:04.788Z

Cohort study · Arthritis Res Ther, 2023. Prediction of progression in ANA+ individuals, 2 years: High CXCL-10 and Galectin-9 levels better predictors of progression than IFN-α or IFN-induced gene expression

TOX promotes follicular helper T cell differentiation in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

2026-11-04T22:45:44.055Z

Mechanistic study · Rheumatology (Oxford), 2022. pSS naive CD4+ T cells had higher potentials of activation, proliferation and differentiation towards Tfh cells

Association of Circulating Antibody‐Secreting Cell Maturity With Disease Features in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

2026-11-04T22:39:06.224Z

Cross-sectional study · Arthritis Rheumatol, 2023. Circulating ASCs in peripheral blood: pSS mean 3.1 ± 5.1 cells/μl · Healthy controls mean 1.1 ± 1.0 cells/μl

Deciphering the role of cDC2s in Sjögren's syndrome: transcriptomic profile links altered antigen processes with IFN signature and autoimmunity

2026-11-04T22:36:05.619Z

Mechanistic study · Ann Rheum Dis, 2022. pSS cDC2 transcriptome: alterations in type I IFN, toll-like receptor (TLR), antigen processing and presentation pathways

Progression and prognosis of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: a longitudinal, prospective, multi-centre study

2026-11-04T19:02:33.172Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2022. Progression towards SAD: Progressed towards SAD, mainly connective tissue diseases but also MPA 24.1%

Alteration of innate lymphoid cell homeostasis mainly concerns salivary glands in primary Sjögren’s syndrome

2026-11-04T18:54:43.126Z

Cross-sectional study · RMD Open, 2023. In PB, frequency of ILC subsets did not differ between pSS and HCs

Possible role for IL-40 and IL-40-producing cells in the lymphocytic infiltrated salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

2026-11-04T18:54:43.126Z

Mechanistic study · RMD Open, 2023. IL-40 significantly increased in lymphocytic infiltrated MSG of pSS; correlated with focus score and with IL-4 and TGF-β expression

Serum vitamin D levels and Sjogren’s syndrome: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis

2026-11-04T18:52:31.576Z

Research article · Arthritis Res Ther, 2023. Causal effect of serum 25(OH)D levels on SS risk (IVW): No significant causal effect of serum 25(OH)D on SS risk: OR 0.9824

Anti-PM-Scl antibodies–positive patients encompass three different groups with distinct prognoses

2026-11-04T18:44:40.719Z

Cohort study · Rheumatology (Oxford), 2022. Clusters of anti-PM-Scl-Abs positive patients: Three clusters identified

Predicting lymphoma in Sjögren’s syndrome and the pathogenetic role of parotid microenvironment through precise parotid swelling recording

2026-11-04T18:44:40.719Z

Case-control study · Rheumatology (Oxford), 2022. PSW frequency: PSW significantly more frequent among cases at first referred pSS symptoms before diagnosis, at diagnosis and from pSS diagnosis to NHL

Pregnancy outcomes in women with primary Sjögren's syndrome: an analysis of data from the multicentre, prospective, GR2 study

2026-11-04T18:43:51.823Z

Cohort study · Lancet Rheumatol, 2023. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, matched controlled study: pSS 9 (9%) · Matched controls 28 (7%)

Autoantibodies identify primary Sjögren's syndrome in patients lacking serum IgG specific for Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B

2026-11-04T18:40:08.980Z

Case-control study · Ann Rheum Dis, 2023. Binding to ≥1 of the novel antigens: Ro- SS 54%; specificity 100% · Ro+ SS 37%; specificity 100%

Predictors for future development of systemic lupus erythematosus in Korean Sjögren’s syndrome patients

2026-11-04T15:44:16.218Z

Cohort study · Lupus, 2023. Shorter SS disease duration (<3 years): HR 2.12; p = .0328

The phenotype of mixed connective tissue disease patients having associated interstitial lung disease

2026-11-04T15:35:22.665Z

Cohort study · Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2023. Factors associated with ILD presence at baseline: Older age p = 0.01

Leflunomide/hydroxychloroquine combination therapy targets type I IFN-associated proteins in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome that show potential to predict and monitor clinical response

2026-11-04T15:32:17.112Z

Secondary analysis · RMD Open, 2023. Early (8-week) change in serum Galectin-9 predicting clinical response at 24 weeks: Early changes in serum Galectin-9 best predicted clinical response at 24 weeks (AUC) 0.90

Causal associations of Sjögren’s syndrome with cancers: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

2026-11-04T15:29:46.778Z

Research article · Arthritis Res Ther, 2023. Causal effect of SS on cancers (IVW) — SS: OR (lymphomas) 1.0010 (95% CI 1.0005-1.0015); P = 0.0002; increased risk

Identification of potential susceptibility genes in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension through whole exome sequencing

2026-11-04T15:29:46.778Z

Research article · Arthritis Res Ther, 2023. Pathogenic variants identified by whole-exome sequencing (WES): Pathogenic variant loci identified 141

Iguratimod suppresses Tfh cell differentiation in primary Sjögren’s syndrome patients through inhibiting Akt/mTOR/STAT3 signaling

2026-11-04T15:29:46.778Z

Mechanistic study · Arthritis Res Ther, 2023. Tfh, plasmablast and plasma cells suppressed by IGU treatment at 1 and 3 months

Fetal–neonatal and maternal outcomes in women with Sjögren syndrome: a population-based registry linkage study

2026-11-04T15:23:59.664Z

Cohort study · Rheumatology (Oxford), 2023. Fetal-neonatal outcomes — SS vs Non-SS: OR 2.14 (95% CI 1.01, 4.55); stillbirth

Population-based prevalence and incidence estimates of mixed connective tissue disease from the Manhattan Lupus Surveillance Program

2026-11-04T15:23:59.664Z

Cohort study · Rheumatology (Oxford), 2022. Modified Alarcon-Segovia and Kahn criteria 1.28 (95% CI 0.72, 2.09) per 100 000; age-adjusted prevalence 1.28 · MCTD diagnosis, no other CTD 2.98 (95% CI 2.10, 4.11) per 100 000; age-adjusted prevalence 2.98; age-adjusted incidence (95% CI 0.22, 0.64) 0.39 · MCTD diagnosis regardless of other CTD 16.22 (95% CI 14.00, 18.43) per 100 000; age-adjusted prevalence 16.22; age-adjusted incidence (95% CI 1.49, 2.39) 1.90

Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy and incisional biopsy of the parotid gland are comparable in diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome

2026-11-04T15:23:59.664Z

Diagnostic or prognostic study · Rheumatology (Oxford), 2022. Concordance of paired biopsies ≥4 mm2: Concordance for FS ≥ 1 (paired biopsies ≥4 mm2) 90%

Association Between Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Gene Overexpression and Risk of Lymphoma in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

2026-11-04T15:21:01.873Z

Case-control study · Arthritis Rheumatol, 2023. Gene expression before lymphoma, incident lymphoma vs without lymphoma: Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) genes overexpressed before lymphoma in incident lymphoma vs without lymphoma

Anticentromere antibody positive patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome have distinctive clinical and immunological characteristics

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2022. Prevalence of ACA among pSS patients: Prevalence of ACA among pSS patients 13.5%

Can ultrasound of the major salivary glands differentiate Sjögren's disease from its major mimics?

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Diagnostic or prognostic study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Diagnostic accuracy of SGUS (SjD vs other systemic diseases): AUC 0.91

Characterisation of crevicular fluid microbiota in primary Sjögren's syndrome

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Crevicular fluid microbiota taxonomy: pSS had more Prevotella, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia and fewer Selenomonas than controls

Clinical and histological features of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and autoimmune thyroiditis: a national multicentre cross-sectional study

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Prevalence of concomitant pSS and AT: Concomitant pSS and AT 19.6%

Clinical and prognostic features associated with anti-Ro52 autoantibodies in connective tissue diseases patients with interstitial lung disease

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2022. Clinical features at baseline: Anti-Ro52 positive more likely to have respiratory symptoms, more organising pneumonia patterns and worse forced vital capacity (FVC)

Exposure to air pollution as an environmental determinant of how Sjögren's disease is expressed at diagnosis

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Dry eye prevalence at diagnosis: Dry eyes vs each air pollutant: all but one variable p<0.0001 p-values <0.0001

Implant supported overdentures in Sjögren's disease patients: a multicentre prospective cohort study

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. 1, 6, 12 and 18 months: Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in SjD improved significantly at all measuring moments vs baseline (p<0.05)

Influence of exposure to climate-related hazards in the phenotypic expression of primary Sjögren's syndrome

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Phenotype at diagnosis by climate-hazard exposure: Diagnosis 1–3 years earlier in countries top 10 exposed to extreme precipitation, wildfire, wind threats, river flooding and coastal flooding

Kynurenine pathway can be a potential biomarker of fatigue in primary Sjögren's syndrome

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2022. Kynurenine pathway markers by fatigue severity — Severe fatigue vs Less fatigue: Kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, distinctly higher; p < 0.001; also higher than HC

Longitudinal evaluation of major salivary gland functioning in Sjögren's disease patients in a prospective standard-of-care cohort

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. SGUS Hocevar score, BL, Y2, Y5: Hocevar mean±SD at BL 22±10

Salivary gland 18F-FDG-PET/CT uptake patterns in Sjögren's syndrome and giant cell arteritis patients

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cohort study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Salivary gland 18F-FDG uptake: pSS: no increased 18F-FDG uptake in parotid or submandibular gland vs the other two groups

Secretagogue effect of PDE4 inhibitor apremilast on human salivary gland organoids obtained from primary Sjögren's syndrome patients

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Mechanistic study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Morphological and functional features of pSS salivary gland organoids after forskolin and apremilast: Organoid swelling after 30 minutes after forskolin and apremilast, compatible with positive functional status and enhanced saliva production

Significant association of CX3CR1+CD8 T cells with aging and distinct clinical features in Sjögren's syndrome and IgG4-related disease

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. CX3CR1+CD4 and CX3CR1+CD8 T cells selectively expressed perforin and granzyme B

Six medico-psycho-social dimensions of a pedagogical model used to define clusters of patients with Sjögren's syndrome and intentionality to participate in a patient education programme

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Women 96%

The diagnostic power of salivary electrolytes for Sjögren's disease: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Meta-analysis · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Salivary ion concentrations: SjD vs healthy controls: significant increase in salivary sodium, chloride and calcium

The prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with mixed connective tissue disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Meta-analysis · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Pooled prevalence of PAH in MCTD: Pooled prevalence 12.53% (95% CI 8.30-18.48%)

Utilisation of primary healthcare services by Sjögren's syndrome patients in the Community of Madrid and associated factors: a population-based cross-sectional study

2026-11-04T12:34:30.142Z

Cross-sectional study · Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2023. Utilisation of PHC services: Patients who used PHC services 87.5%

Molecular B-cell clonality assay in minor salivary glands as a useful tool for the lymphoma risk assessment in Sjögren's syndrome

2026-11-04T12:33:38.461Z

Cross-sectional study · Joint Bone Spine, 2023. MSG monoclonal B-cell infiltration: SS 28 (22.8%) · Without SS 3 (3.6%)

Anti-SMN autoantibodies in mixed connective tissue disease are associated with a severe systemic sclerosis phenotype

2026-11-04T12:26:23.404Z

Cohort study · RMD Open, 2023. Clinical features, anti-SMN+ vs anti-SMN-: Fingertip pitting scars: anti-SMN+ 23% vs anti-SMN- 4%, p=0.04 23% vs 4%

Comparison between primary Sjögren’s disease patients with high or low level of dryness

2026-11-04T12:26:23.404Z

Cross-sectional study · RMD Open, 2023. Characteristics by subjective dryness level — Low subjective dryness vs High subjective dryness: Age, median (IQR), years 49 (39-62) vs 58 (47-67) years; p<0.01