Risk of cancer induced by human papillomavirus in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a nationwide matched cohort study
Main finding · HPV-induced cancer or severe dysplasiaResult — go to the resultAge-adjusted HR 1.99 95% CI 1.80–2.20Authors' conclusion
Patients with IMIDs are almost two times as likely to develop HPV-associated cancer or severe dysplasia, particularly at cervical, vulvar, vaginal and anal sites, compared with matched controls.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) and matched controls, French nationwide hospital database, 2016–2023mean follow-up 4.11 (2.47) years
- Participants
- 122,316 vs 316,047
- Exposure
- Patients with IMIDs vs matched controls
- IMIDsn = 122,316
- Controlsn = 316,047reference
- Outcome
- Occurrence of HPV-induced cancer or severe dysplasia
Methodological detailsFrench nationwide hospital medical information database, multivariable competing risk analysis
- French nationwide hospital medical information database
- Multivariable competing risk analysis
Main finding
HPV-induced cancer or severe dysplasia
Age-adjusted HR
1.99
95% CI 1.80–2.20
IMIDsvs Controls
age-adjusted HR 1.99 (95% CI 1.80–2.20)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Individual human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancer types
- Increased risk in IMIDs for all types of HPV-induced cancer except penile cancer
Risk factors for HPV-induced cancer/severe dysplasia within IMIDs (multivariable competing risk analysis)
- Female, HR
- 5.88 (95% CI 4.01 to 8.61)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), HR
- 2.08 (95% CI 1.70 to 2.55)
- Age under 65 years, HR
- 2.09 (95% CI 1.70 to 2.57)
- CKD, HR
- 1.44 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.77)
Original publication
Risk of cancer induced by human papillomavirus in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a nationwide matched cohort study. RMD Open. Published 15 July 2026. doi:10.
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