Autoinflammatory & rare systemic diseases
nCD64 index as a new early predictive biomarker for macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset still’s disease
Authors' conclusion
These findings suggest the nCD64 index is a promising biomarker for early identifying AOSD patients at risk of MAS, aiding in timely diagnosis and management.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), with and without macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), and healthy controls
- Comparison
- AOSD with MAS vs AOSD without MAS; AOSD vs healthy controls
- Outcome
- Ability of nCD64 index to predict MAS in AOSD
Methodological detailslogistic regression, ROC curve analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis
- Logistic regression
- ROC curve analysis
- Kaplan-Meier analysis
Performance
As reported in the abstract
nCD64 index for distinguishing AOSD patients with MAS
- AUC (ROC)
- 0.877
- Cutoff
- 32.09
- P for ROC
- p < 0.001
- Elevated nCD64 index as risk factor for MAS, OR (logistic regression)
- 1.073
- P for OR
- p = 0.003
- Higher cumulative incidence of MAS with nCD64 index > 32.09 (Kaplan-Meier)
- p < 0.001
Further findings
Neutrophil CD64 mRNA expression, AOSD vs healthy controls
- Significantly elevated in AOSD
- P = 0.029
nCD64 index after effective treatment
- Rapid and significant decrease
- P < 0.001
Correlation of nCD64 index with hospitalization length
- R
- 0.382
- P
- P < 0.001
Correlation of nCD64 index with maximum GC dose
- R
- 0.326
- P
- P = 0.003
Clinical manifestations
- nCD64 index positively correlated with splenomegaly, sore throat, pulmonary infiltrates and pericarditis
Combined nCD64 index, ferritin and sIL-2R
- Strong predictive value for MAS
Original publication
nCD64 index as a new early predictive biomarker for macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset still’s disease. Arthritis Res Ther. Published 10 July 2025. doi:10.
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