Cluster analysis identifies anti‐synthetase syndrome as a distinct and heterogeneous clinical entity: Analysis from the Classification Criteria for Anti‐Synthetase Syndrome project database
Authors' conclusion
Cluster analyses identified ASyS as a distinct and heterogeneous clinical entity. Three distinct phenotypic clusters emerged among patients with ASyS, with ILD-predominant cases representing the second largest subgroup, underscoring the need for classification criteria that adequately capture patients presenting with isolated ILD.
Study context
- Population
- Anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS) cases and comparators with mimicking conditions, namely systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases and/or interstitial lung disease (ILD), from the Classification Criteria for Anti-Synthetase Syndrome (CLASS) project database2,035 ASyS cases and 2,140 comparators · ASyS cases 2,035 · comparators 2,140
- Outcome
- Cluster analysis of the entire cohort
Methodological detailsmultiple correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical clustering, 19 clinical and serological variables, 103 centers worldwide
- Multiple correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical clustering
- 19 clinical and serological variables
- 103 centers worldwide
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cluster 1 (predominantly ASyS)
n = 1,311
Cluster 2 (both groups)
n = 1,105
Cluster 3 (predominantly comparators)
n = 1,468
Further findings
Cluster analysis of the ASyS cohort
- Cluster 1 (anti-Jo-1-positive, "full-spectrum" ASyS with myositis, ILD, and arthritis)
- n = 1,034
- Cluster 2 (ILD-predominant)
- n = 581
- Cluster 3 (without ILD)
- n = 248
Original publication
Cluster analysis identifies anti‐synthetase syndrome as a distinct and heterogeneous clinical entity: Analysis from the Classification Criteria for Anti‐Synthetase Syndrome project database. Arthritis Rheumatol. Published 11 November 2026. doi:10.
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